The National Pupil Database Project

What we want to find out:

This research project aims to understand whether autistic teenagers and young people with other special educational needs or disabilities (SEND) aged 16-18 are more likely to become “Not in Education, Employment or Training” (NEET) than young people without SEND. 

Why we’re doing this research:

Autistic children often have different learning styles that may not align with mainstream classrooms or the structure of the National Curriculum. Many prefer depth over breadth, and self-directed learning over socially based learning. 

Some autistic young people also have specific learning difficulties or developmental support needs. When these needs aren’t recognised or supported, autistic pupils may under-achieve in mainstream settings, disengage from education, lose confidence, or experience increased anxiety or depression. They may leave education at 16 or feel less motivated to continue, and they may face barriers in accessing work experience, apprenticeships, or employment due to social expectations rather than ability. 

This project will test if autistic teenagers are more likely to become NEET, which itself is a risk factor for worse mental health and unemployment in the future. 

This project will explore whether autistic teenagers are more likely to become NEET, which is itself associated with increased risk of poorer mental health and future unemployment. 

Method:

We will use data from the National Pupil Database (NPD), which includes information on all children in mainstream schools. This information covers diagnoses, special educational needs or Education, Health and Care Plans (EHCPs) and demographic details. By analysing this large dataset, we aim to answer our research question. 

Community engagement:

This project included a large dissemination event with stakeholders, as well as a survey which was co-developed with autistic people based on interviews and focus groups. 

Potential impact:

This project is relevant to educators, social care professionals, parents, and autistic young people themselves. If autistic teenagers are shown to be at higher risk of becoming NEET, these findings can help guide the development of more autism-inclusive educational pathways and ensure earlier, better-targeted support to reduce this risk. 

Results:

We anticipate sharing the results in 2026. When ready, the key findings will be shared on this page. 

Staff:

Funders:

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